We are living in an era of change and uncertainty, and ‘resilience’ is increasingly emphasized to successfully navigate this era. But, what does resilience mean in the context of protected lands? I will focus on answering this question using the perspective that the environment and society are strongly intertwined. In answering the question, ways in which protected lands are contributing to broader system resilience, and promising ways in which contributions could be enhanced, will be identified. Through the presentation, a resilience agenda for protected lands will be set out.